diff --git a/src/chongming/scripts/build.py b/src/chongming/scripts/build.py
index 1f1ae51..f1b2f99 100644
--- a/src/chongming/scripts/build.py
+++ b/src/chongming/scripts/build.py
@@ -96,11 +96,12 @@ def _run_cmd(
     cwd: str | None = None,
     capture: bool = True,
     shell: bool | None = None,
+    echo_on_error: bool = True,
 ) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
     """统一执行外部命令"""
     if shell is None:
         shell = is_windows
-    return subprocess.run(
+    result = subprocess.run(
         cmd,
         cwd=cwd,
         capture_output=capture,
@@ -109,6 +110,30 @@ def _run_cmd(
         encoding="utf-8",
         errors="replace",
     )
+    # 命令失败时自动回显捕获的输出，便于定位失败原因
+    if echo_on_error and capture and result.returncode != 0:
+        _echo_captured_output(cmd, result)
+    return result
+
+
+def _echo_captured_output(
+    cmd: list[str], result: subprocess.CompletedProcess
+) -> None:
+    """命令失败时回显被捕获的输出（截取末尾若干行，避免刷屏）"""
+    max_lines = 40
+    print(f"\n  ── 命令执行失败 (exit={result.returncode}): {' '.join(cmd)} ──")
+    for stream_name, stream in (("stdout", result.stdout), ("stderr", result.stderr)):
+        if not stream or not stream.strip():
+            continue
+        lines = stream.rstrip("\n").splitlines()
+        tail = lines[-max_lines:]
+        header = f"  [{stream_name}]"
+        if len(lines) > max_lines:
+            header += f" (共 {len(lines)} 行，显示末尾 {len(tail)} 行)"
+        print(header)
+        for line in tail:
+            print(f"    {line}")
+    print("  ────────────────────────────────────────\n")
 
 
 def _format_size(path: str | Path) -> str:
@@ -270,7 +295,7 @@ def _stage_pyinstaller(config: Config) -> tuple[str, str]:
 
     result = _run_cmd(cmd, cwd="build", capture=True)
     if result.returncode != 0:
-        return f"❌ PyInstaller 失败", ""
+        return f"❌ PyInstaller 失败 (exit={result.returncode})，详情见上方输出", ""
 
     exe_path = Path("build/chongming")
     if is_windows:
@@ -336,10 +361,13 @@ def _stage_nuitka(config: Config) -> tuple[str, str]:
         if icon.exists():
             cmd.append(f"--windows-icon-from-ico={icon}")
 
-    try:
-        _run_cmd(cmd, cwd="build", capture=False)
-    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+    result = _run_cmd(cmd, cwd="build", capture=False)
+    if result.returncode != 0:
         # 降级重试（移除可能不兼容的参数）
+        print(
+            f"  ⚠️  Nuitka 首次编译失败 (exit={result.returncode})，"
+            f"尝试移除不兼容参数重试..."
+        )
         fallback = [
             arg for arg in cmd if arg not in ("--lto=yes", "--enable-plugin=upx")
         ]